Assessment of traffic noise and its impact on the community

Road transportation plays a major role in the economic and social development of a country. With the increase in vehicle population, noise levels will increase. This paper discusses the results of a study undertaken to assess the noise levels at the major traffic junctions of an urban city. The noise equivalent level L _eq was measured in the community areas as well as at the traffic junctions. The statistical levels L₁₀, L₅₀, L₉₀ were also measured to determine the Traffic Noise Index at the junctions. A holistic approach was adopted to study the impact of noise on the community and at the work place of an industry.     

A low power and low phase-noise 91~96 GHz VCO in 90 nm CMOS

This paper reports a 94 GHz CMOS voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) using both the negative capacitance (NC) technique and series-peaking output power and phase noise (PN) enhancement technique. NC is achieved by adding two variable LC networks to the source nodes of the active circuit of the VCO. NMOSFET varicaps are adopted as the required capacitors of the LC networks. In comparison with the conventional one, the proposed active circuit substantially decreases the input capacitance (C_in) to zero or even a negative value. This leads to operation (or oscillation) frequency (OF) increase and tuning range (TR) enhancement of the VCO. The VCO dissipates 8.3 mW at 1 V supply. The measured TR of the VCO is 91~96 GHz, close to the simulated (92.1~96.7 GHz) and the calculated one (92.2~98.2 GHz). In addition, at 1 MHz offset from 95.16 GHz, the VCO attains an excellent PN of – 98.3 dBc/Hz. This leads to a figure-of-merit (FOM) of ?188.5 dBc/Hz, a remarkable result for a V- or W-band CMOS VCO. The chip size of the VCO is 0.75 × 0.42 mm², i.e. 0.315 mm².     

气动工具的噪声防治

气动工具在我国机械制造等各行业广泛应用的同时,工作时的排气噪声对周围环境也造成了一定的污染。介绍了治理噪声所采用的消声装置及设计方法,通过消声后的试验数据及噪声频譜对比分析,用正交试验法解决功率与噪声的矛盾,通过这种方法使噪音降低最大,功率损耗最小,这种消声装置原理治理噪声效果显著。     

“水立方”围护结构声学性能研究

国家游泳中心“水立方”采用大面积ETFE膜气枕作为围护结构，ETFE膜气枕的声学性能将直接影响比赛大厅的室内声学设计效果与室内装饰效果。在比赛大厅声学设计过程中，建立了声学测试专项实验室，对ETFE膜气枕的声学性能进行测试，获得了真实详尽的数据。本文对声学实验室的建立、声学性能的测试过程做了较为详细的介绍，对测试结果进行了分析与总结，希望对类似材料构造的声学性能测试提供一些参考资料。     

Thermal dependence of low-frequency noise in polysilicon thin film transistors

Thermal dependence of low frequency noise in low temperature (≤ 600 °C) polysilicon thin film transistors is studied in devices biased from weak to moderate inversion and operating in the linear mode. Drain current noise spectral density, measured in the temperature range from 260 K to 310 K, is thermally activated following the Meyer Neldel rule. Analysis of the thermal activation of noise, supported by the theory of trapping/detrapping processes of carriers into oxide traps located close to the interface, leads to the calculation of the deep state interface distribution in function of the Meyer Neldel characteristic energy.     

CAS5—20汽车齿轮箱的降噪研究

作者针对CAS5-20型汽车齿轮箱,通过大量的振动噪声测试和理论分析计算,准确地诊断出该齿轮箱的噪声源,有针对性地采取了斜齿轮对角修型、改善箱体动刚度薄弱环节和消除轴承故障等措施,取得了综合降噪效果大于5dB(A)的优良成果。     

一种适合于噪声对消的自适应算法及其硬件实现

本文在分析经典LMS算法在噪声对消应用中的不足之处后,提出了一种块状LMS算法和一次范数准则下自适应算法相结合的混合算法并作了相应理论分析,在此基础上构成了以TMS32010DSP芯片为核心的自适应噪声对消的硬件系统并取得了较好的实时对消效果。     

医学X-光片图像处理的几种新方法

针对医学X-光片图像的特点,尤其是乳腺、肾脏等难度较大的图像,在传统方法不甚奏效的情况下,提出了一些新的去除噪声、增强对比度、提取目标图像边缘的方法,不仅改善了图像的视觉效果,而且可获得人眼不能直接取得的信息,得到明显优于以往算法的满意结果,对于疾病的临床诊断,尤其是疑难病的早期发现,具有较高的实用价值。     

吸送风式通风管道元件气流噪声的混响测试技术

近年来通风空调系统的气流噪声问题越来越受到人们的重视.本文提供了一种吸送风式通风管道元件气流噪声的混响测试方法及相应的实验数据整理公式.该方法具有测值范围宽、准确性好及易于控制流动参数等特点,可作为今后气流噪声研究中实际应用的方法之一.     

短波信道的噪声监测

提出一种短波信道自动监测系统，采用频道估算技术和噪声监测方法，使最佳工作频率的选择及噪声电平的自动实时测量成为现实，并通过试验得出频道噪声随时间变化的情况。